THE DISCOURSE BATTLE BETWEEN POPULISM AND ANTI-POPULISM IN INDONESIA’S DIGITAL POLITICAL LANDSCAPE IN THE POST-TRUTH ERA
Keywords:
Algoritmic virality, digital populisme, political legitimacy, post-truth politics
Abstract
This study analyzes truth claims in President Prabowo Subianto’s inaugural speech amidst the contestation between populist and anti-populist narratives. Employing Critical Discourse Analysis, the research reveals that official narrative construction relies less on factual validity and more on emotional mobilization and nationalist symbolism aligned with social media algorithmic logic. The findings highlight a dialectical tension between power legitimacy based on populist rhetoric—which reduces policy complexity to a ‘people’ versus ‘elite’ dichotomy—and public demands for rationality. This phenomenon marks an epistemic shift where political narratives become commodities negotiated through algorithmic virality rather than rational deliberation. The study argues that consistency among narrative, action, and rationality is a prerequisite for public trust and elite legitimacy. Contributing to the understanding of collective rationality degradation, this research underscores the urgency of communicative integrity in maintaining democratic quality within an increasingly fragmented public sphere.
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References
Book
Bennett, W. L., & Livingston, S. (eds.). (2020). The Disinformation Age: Politics, Technology, and Disruptive Communication in the United States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Brown, C. (2003) A Short History of Indonesia: The Unlikely Nation? Allen & Unwin.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018) Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th eds.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Foucault, M. (1980) Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977 (Edited and Translated by C. Gordon, L. M. J. Mepham, & K. Soper). New York: Pantheon Books.
Harsin, J. (2024) “Post-truth Politics and Epistemic Populism: About (Dis-) Trusted Presentation and Communication of Facts, Not False Information” In: Saul Newman & Maximilian Conrad (eds.) Post-Truth Populism: A New Political Paradigm (European Political Sociology). Switzerland: Palgrave (pp. 25-64).
Hadiz, V. R. (2016) Islamic Populism in Indonesia and the Middle East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Laclau, E. (2005) On Populist Reason. Accessed https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/ uploads/2016/09/On-Populist-Reason-by-Ernesto-Laclau.pdf
McIntyre, L. (2018) Post-Truth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Miles, M. B. et al. (2014) Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3rd eds.). https://www.metodos.work/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Qualitative-Data-Analysis.pdf.
Mudde, C., & Kaltwasser, C. R. (2017) Populism: A Very Short Introduction. Accessed https://www2.daad.de/medi en/mudde_rovira_kaltwasser_2017_populism.pdf.
Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (eds.) (2016). Methods of Critical Discourse Studies (3rd eds.). Accessed https://coehuman.uodiyala.edu .iq/uploads/pdf/English_library.
Online (Journal)
Al Fatih, I. Z. (2024) Peran Media Sosial dalam Kampanye Politik di Indonesia Lima Tahun Terakhir: Antara Demokrasi dan Manipulasi Informasi. COMSERVA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(7), 2227-2237. doi: 10.59141/comserva.v4i7.2611.
Ardianti, R. et al.(2025) #KaburAjaDulu: A Digital Manifestation of Indonesian Youth’s Response to Societal and Structural Crises. EDUCATION: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan, 5(2), 137-151. doi: 10.51903/fbjkq235.
Assadiyah, D. et al. (2025) Peran Buzzer Politik Prabowo dalam Pembentukan Opini Publik di Media Sosial. Jurnal Komunikasi, 16(1), 53-59. doi: 10.31294/jkom.v16i1.12092.
Aviansyah, M. A. et al. (2025) Political Branding “Gemoy”: Image Construction of Prabowo Subianto–Gibran Rakabuming in the 2024 Presidential Election. CUSTODIA: Journal of Legal, Political, and Humanistic Inquiry, 1(3), 197-207. doi: 10.65310/kzxkhr27.
Bennett, W. L., & Livingston, S. (eds.). (2020). The Disinformation Age: Politics, Technology, and Disruptive Communication in the United States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018) Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th eds.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Djumadin, Z. (2025) Digital Populism And Affective Politics: The Case of Prabowo Subianto’s ‘Gemoy’ Persona and its Resonance With Millennial and Gen-Z Voters in Indonesia. LEX LOCALIS: Journal of Local Self-Government, 23(11), 849-865. doi: 10.52152/801942.
Farid, M. (2023) The Digital Public Sphere And The Face of Indonesian Political Education. AL-WIJDÃN: Journal of Islamic Education Studies, 8(3), 417–427. doi: 10.58788/alwijdn.v8i3.2658.
Fuchs, C. (2024) Critical Theory Foundations of Digital Capitalism: A Critical Political Economy Perspective. Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society, 22(1), 148-196. doi: 10.31269/triplec.v22i1.1454.
Harsin, J. (2024) “Post-truth Politics and Epistemic Populism: About (Dis-)Trusted Presentation and Communication of Facts, Not False Information” In: Saul Newman & Maximilian Conrad (eds.) Post-Truth Populism: A New Political Paradigm (European Political Sociology). Switzerland: Palgrave (pp. 25-64).
Hadiz, V. R. (2016) Islamic Populism in Indonesia and the Middle East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hidayat, R. et al. (2025) Peran Media Sosial Dalam Mengkonstruksi Opini Publik Terkait Kebijakan Pemerintah: Studi Kasus Wacana Publik Tahun 2025. CORE: Journal of Communication Research, 3(2), 64-74. doi: 10.47650/core.v3i2.2223.
Jagers, J. & Walgrave, S. (2007) Populism as Political Communication Style: An Empirical Study of Political Parties’ Discourse in Belgium. European Journal of Political Research, 46(3), 319-345. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6765.2006.00690.x.
Lauren, A. et al. (2025) Makna Tren #Kaburajadulu dalam Mendorong Keinginan Migrasi Generasi Muda di Indonesia. Integrative Perspectives of Social and Science Journal, 2(2), 2620-2628. Retrieved from https://ipssj.com/index.php/ojs/ article/view/352.
Lim, M. (2017) Freedom to Hate: Social Media, Algorithmic Enclaves, and the Rise of Tribal Nationalism in Indonesia. Critical Asian Studies, 49(2), 411–427. doi: 10.1080/14672715.2017.1341188.
Mietzner, M. (2020) Rival Populisms and the Democratic Crisis in Indonesia. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 74(2), 1-19. doi: 10.1080/10357718.2020.1725426.
Moffitt, B. (2018) The Populism/Anti-Populism Divide in Western Europe. Democratic Theory: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 5(2), 1-16. doi: 10.3167/dt.2018.050202.
Nadzir, I. (2022) Performative Politics And Digital Populism In Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Politik, 19(2), 73-92. doi: 10.14203/jpp.v19i2.1131.
Octaviani, B. D. et al. (2025) #Kaburajadulu: Resistensi Kultural dan Aspirasi Mobilitas Generasi Muda di X. Jurnal Riset Jurnalistik dan Media Digital (JRJMD), 5(1), 99-110. doi: 10.29313/jrjmd.v5i1.6934.
Soeharno, A. et al. (2025) A Political Communication Analysis of Prabowo Subianto’s First Official Speech. Politico: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 25(2), 239–252. doi: 10.32528/politico.v25i2.4134.
Sunstein, C. R. (2018) #Republic: Divided Democracy in the Age of Social Media. American Political Thought, 7(2), 370-373. doi: 10.1086/696988.
Stavrakasis, Y. (2014) The Return of “the People”: Populism and Anti-Populism in the Shadow of the European Crisis. Constellations, 21(4), 505-517. doi: 10.1111/1467-8675.12127.
Triningtyas, F. et al. (2026) Membangun Narasi Politik: Studi Retorika Pidato Presiden Prabowo Subianto. (2026). Jurnal PIKMA: Publikasi Ilmu Komunikasi Media Dan Cinema, 8(2), 306-324. doi: 10.24076/pikma .2026v8i2.2333.
Yulianti, E. et al.(2024). Strategi Personal Branding Prabowo Subianto dalam Memba-ngun Citra Politik di Media Sosial Instagram. Communication & Design Journal, 1(1), 15-30. Retrieved from https://ojs.sains.ac.id/ index.php/commdes/article/view/8/55.
Online (Article in Website)
Adam, A. (2023, December 11) Era Digital: Pengertian, Kelebihan dan 4 Dampaknya. Accessed by https://accurate.id/teknologi/era-digital/
amnesty.org (2026, May 19) Indonesia: “Building up Imaginary Enemies”: Misinformation, Disinformation and ‘Foreign Agent’ Allegations in President Prabowo’s Indonesia. Accessed by https://www.amnesty.org/ru/documents/asa21/0931/2026/en/
bbc.com (2024, October 25) “Sederet kontroversi menteri-menteri dan pembantu Prabowo–Mulai dari pelanggaran HAM berat, kop surat dan anggaran Rp20 T”. Accessed by https://www.bbc. com/indonesia/articles/c5yxdwv440wo.
bbc.com (2025, October 20) “Survei kinerja Prabowo–Apakah Gelombang Aksi Unjuk Rasa Diperhitungkan dan Sejauh Mana Bias dalam Klaim Kepuasan Publik?” Accessed by https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/cj0e2ml1l6no.
bbc.com (2026, May 20) “Aparat Bungkam Jurnalis dan Aktivis dengan Narasi Antek Asing”. Accessed by https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/cj4pqkw785lo.
Hardi, L. A. K. (2025, April 09) “Tipu Daya Populisme Prabowo: Memperkuat Polarisasi, Menghilangkan Oposisi”. Accessed by https://theconversation.com/tipu-daya-populisme-prabowo-memperkuat-polarisasi-menghilangkan-oposisi-249746.
infobanknews.com (2026, May 21) “Membaca Ulang Pidato Lengkap Prabowo di DPR, Ini Poinnya”. Accessed by https://info banknews.com/membaca-ulang-pidato-lengkap-prabowo-di-dpr-ini-poinnya?page=all.
kompas.com (2026, February 08) Survei Indikator: Tingkat Kepuasan Publik Terhadap Kinerja Prabowo Capai 79,9 Persen. Accessed by https://nasional.kompas.com/read/ 2026/02/08/16085831/survei-indikator-tingkat-kepuasan-publik-terhadap-kinerja-prabowo-capai-799.
kompas.id (2025, December 31) “Topik Media Sosial 2025: Tarung Narasi yang Menantang”. Accessed by https://www. kompas.id/artikel/media-sosial-tarung-narasi-yang-menantang.
monas.edu (2025, February 23) “Attempt to Influence Public Opinion in the ‘Indonesia Gelap’ Protest”. Accessed by https://www.monash.edu/indonesia/news/attempt-to-influence-public-opinion-in-the-indonesia-gelap-protest.
reuters (2025, February 20) “Students Lead ‘Dark Indonesia’ Protests Against Budget Cuts”. Accessed by https://www.voa news.com/a/students-lead-dark-indonesia-protests-against-budget-cuts/7981720.html.
reuters.com (2026, May 19) “Indonesian Authorities Using Online Disinformation Campaigns to Target Critics, Amnesty Says”. Accessed by https://www.reuters. com/business/media-telecom/indonesian-authorities-using-online-disinformation-campaign-target-critics-2026-05-19/?utm_ source=chatgpt.com.
sciencedirect.com (2017) “Post-Truth” in Chapter Postpolitics and Post-Truth. Accessed by https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/post-truth.
Seah, N. (2024, December 17) Democracy in the Digital Age: How Buzzer Culture is Stinging Indonesia’s Democracy. Accessed by https://www.csis.org/blogs/new-perspectives-asia/democracy-digital-age-how-buzzer-culture-stinging-indonesias-democracy.
Setkab.go.id (2024, October 20) “Pidato Perdana, Presiden Prabowo Subianto Ajak Bangsa Indonesia Hadapi Tantangan dengan Keberanian”. Accessed by https://setkab.go.id/pidato-perdana-presiden-prabowo-subianto-ajak-bangsa-indonesia-hadapi-tantangan-dengan-keberanian/
Temby, Q. (2024) The Prabowo Campaign’s ‘Cute Aggression’: Or How I Was Wrong About the Risk of AI in the 2024 Indonesian Elections. Accessed by https://www.indopacifica.com/p/the-prabowo-campaigns-cute-aggression.
thecolumnist.id (2026, June 01) “Prabowo dan Rapor Komunikasi Politik 2025”. Accessed by https://thecolumnist.id/artikel/prabowo-dan-rapor-komunikasi-politik-2025-3694.
thejakartapost.com (2025, May 24) “Prabowo’s Paradox: Building Healthy Democracy as Lasting Legacy”. Accessed by https://www.thejakartapost.com/opinion/2025/05/24/prabowos-paradox-building -healthy-democracy-as-lasting-legacy.htm ?utm.
ugm.ac.id (2025, September 19) “Sering Bikin Blunder, Pemerintah Diminta Perbaiki Komunikasi Publik”. Accessed by https://ugm.ac.id/id/berita/sering-bikin-blunder-pemerintah-diminta-perbaiki-komunikasi-publik/
Bennett, W. L., & Livingston, S. (eds.). (2020). The Disinformation Age: Politics, Technology, and Disruptive Communication in the United States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Brown, C. (2003) A Short History of Indonesia: The Unlikely Nation? Allen & Unwin.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018) Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th eds.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Foucault, M. (1980) Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977 (Edited and Translated by C. Gordon, L. M. J. Mepham, & K. Soper). New York: Pantheon Books.
Harsin, J. (2024) “Post-truth Politics and Epistemic Populism: About (Dis-) Trusted Presentation and Communication of Facts, Not False Information” In: Saul Newman & Maximilian Conrad (eds.) Post-Truth Populism: A New Political Paradigm (European Political Sociology). Switzerland: Palgrave (pp. 25-64).
Hadiz, V. R. (2016) Islamic Populism in Indonesia and the Middle East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Laclau, E. (2005) On Populist Reason. Accessed https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/ uploads/2016/09/On-Populist-Reason-by-Ernesto-Laclau.pdf
McIntyre, L. (2018) Post-Truth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Miles, M. B. et al. (2014) Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3rd eds.). https://www.metodos.work/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Qualitative-Data-Analysis.pdf.
Mudde, C., & Kaltwasser, C. R. (2017) Populism: A Very Short Introduction. Accessed https://www2.daad.de/medi en/mudde_rovira_kaltwasser_2017_populism.pdf.
Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (eds.) (2016). Methods of Critical Discourse Studies (3rd eds.). Accessed https://coehuman.uodiyala.edu .iq/uploads/pdf/English_library.
Online (Journal)
Al Fatih, I. Z. (2024) Peran Media Sosial dalam Kampanye Politik di Indonesia Lima Tahun Terakhir: Antara Demokrasi dan Manipulasi Informasi. COMSERVA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(7), 2227-2237. doi: 10.59141/comserva.v4i7.2611.
Ardianti, R. et al.(2025) #KaburAjaDulu: A Digital Manifestation of Indonesian Youth’s Response to Societal and Structural Crises. EDUCATION: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan, 5(2), 137-151. doi: 10.51903/fbjkq235.
Assadiyah, D. et al. (2025) Peran Buzzer Politik Prabowo dalam Pembentukan Opini Publik di Media Sosial. Jurnal Komunikasi, 16(1), 53-59. doi: 10.31294/jkom.v16i1.12092.
Aviansyah, M. A. et al. (2025) Political Branding “Gemoy”: Image Construction of Prabowo Subianto–Gibran Rakabuming in the 2024 Presidential Election. CUSTODIA: Journal of Legal, Political, and Humanistic Inquiry, 1(3), 197-207. doi: 10.65310/kzxkhr27.
Bennett, W. L., & Livingston, S. (eds.). (2020). The Disinformation Age: Politics, Technology, and Disruptive Communication in the United States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018) Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th eds.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Djumadin, Z. (2025) Digital Populism And Affective Politics: The Case of Prabowo Subianto’s ‘Gemoy’ Persona and its Resonance With Millennial and Gen-Z Voters in Indonesia. LEX LOCALIS: Journal of Local Self-Government, 23(11), 849-865. doi: 10.52152/801942.
Farid, M. (2023) The Digital Public Sphere And The Face of Indonesian Political Education. AL-WIJDÃN: Journal of Islamic Education Studies, 8(3), 417–427. doi: 10.58788/alwijdn.v8i3.2658.
Fuchs, C. (2024) Critical Theory Foundations of Digital Capitalism: A Critical Political Economy Perspective. Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society, 22(1), 148-196. doi: 10.31269/triplec.v22i1.1454.
Harsin, J. (2024) “Post-truth Politics and Epistemic Populism: About (Dis-)Trusted Presentation and Communication of Facts, Not False Information” In: Saul Newman & Maximilian Conrad (eds.) Post-Truth Populism: A New Political Paradigm (European Political Sociology). Switzerland: Palgrave (pp. 25-64).
Hadiz, V. R. (2016) Islamic Populism in Indonesia and the Middle East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hidayat, R. et al. (2025) Peran Media Sosial Dalam Mengkonstruksi Opini Publik Terkait Kebijakan Pemerintah: Studi Kasus Wacana Publik Tahun 2025. CORE: Journal of Communication Research, 3(2), 64-74. doi: 10.47650/core.v3i2.2223.
Jagers, J. & Walgrave, S. (2007) Populism as Political Communication Style: An Empirical Study of Political Parties’ Discourse in Belgium. European Journal of Political Research, 46(3), 319-345. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6765.2006.00690.x.
Lauren, A. et al. (2025) Makna Tren #Kaburajadulu dalam Mendorong Keinginan Migrasi Generasi Muda di Indonesia. Integrative Perspectives of Social and Science Journal, 2(2), 2620-2628. Retrieved from https://ipssj.com/index.php/ojs/ article/view/352.
Lim, M. (2017) Freedom to Hate: Social Media, Algorithmic Enclaves, and the Rise of Tribal Nationalism in Indonesia. Critical Asian Studies, 49(2), 411–427. doi: 10.1080/14672715.2017.1341188.
Mietzner, M. (2020) Rival Populisms and the Democratic Crisis in Indonesia. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 74(2), 1-19. doi: 10.1080/10357718.2020.1725426.
Moffitt, B. (2018) The Populism/Anti-Populism Divide in Western Europe. Democratic Theory: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 5(2), 1-16. doi: 10.3167/dt.2018.050202.
Nadzir, I. (2022) Performative Politics And Digital Populism In Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Politik, 19(2), 73-92. doi: 10.14203/jpp.v19i2.1131.
Octaviani, B. D. et al. (2025) #Kaburajadulu: Resistensi Kultural dan Aspirasi Mobilitas Generasi Muda di X. Jurnal Riset Jurnalistik dan Media Digital (JRJMD), 5(1), 99-110. doi: 10.29313/jrjmd.v5i1.6934.
Soeharno, A. et al. (2025) A Political Communication Analysis of Prabowo Subianto’s First Official Speech. Politico: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 25(2), 239–252. doi: 10.32528/politico.v25i2.4134.
Sunstein, C. R. (2018) #Republic: Divided Democracy in the Age of Social Media. American Political Thought, 7(2), 370-373. doi: 10.1086/696988.
Stavrakasis, Y. (2014) The Return of “the People”: Populism and Anti-Populism in the Shadow of the European Crisis. Constellations, 21(4), 505-517. doi: 10.1111/1467-8675.12127.
Triningtyas, F. et al. (2026) Membangun Narasi Politik: Studi Retorika Pidato Presiden Prabowo Subianto. (2026). Jurnal PIKMA: Publikasi Ilmu Komunikasi Media Dan Cinema, 8(2), 306-324. doi: 10.24076/pikma .2026v8i2.2333.
Yulianti, E. et al.(2024). Strategi Personal Branding Prabowo Subianto dalam Memba-ngun Citra Politik di Media Sosial Instagram. Communication & Design Journal, 1(1), 15-30. Retrieved from https://ojs.sains.ac.id/ index.php/commdes/article/view/8/55.
Online (Article in Website)
Adam, A. (2023, December 11) Era Digital: Pengertian, Kelebihan dan 4 Dampaknya. Accessed by https://accurate.id/teknologi/era-digital/
amnesty.org (2026, May 19) Indonesia: “Building up Imaginary Enemies”: Misinformation, Disinformation and ‘Foreign Agent’ Allegations in President Prabowo’s Indonesia. Accessed by https://www.amnesty.org/ru/documents/asa21/0931/2026/en/
bbc.com (2024, October 25) “Sederet kontroversi menteri-menteri dan pembantu Prabowo–Mulai dari pelanggaran HAM berat, kop surat dan anggaran Rp20 T”. Accessed by https://www.bbc. com/indonesia/articles/c5yxdwv440wo.
bbc.com (2025, October 20) “Survei kinerja Prabowo–Apakah Gelombang Aksi Unjuk Rasa Diperhitungkan dan Sejauh Mana Bias dalam Klaim Kepuasan Publik?” Accessed by https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/cj0e2ml1l6no.
bbc.com (2026, May 20) “Aparat Bungkam Jurnalis dan Aktivis dengan Narasi Antek Asing”. Accessed by https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/cj4pqkw785lo.
Hardi, L. A. K. (2025, April 09) “Tipu Daya Populisme Prabowo: Memperkuat Polarisasi, Menghilangkan Oposisi”. Accessed by https://theconversation.com/tipu-daya-populisme-prabowo-memperkuat-polarisasi-menghilangkan-oposisi-249746.
infobanknews.com (2026, May 21) “Membaca Ulang Pidato Lengkap Prabowo di DPR, Ini Poinnya”. Accessed by https://info banknews.com/membaca-ulang-pidato-lengkap-prabowo-di-dpr-ini-poinnya?page=all.
kompas.com (2026, February 08) Survei Indikator: Tingkat Kepuasan Publik Terhadap Kinerja Prabowo Capai 79,9 Persen. Accessed by https://nasional.kompas.com/read/ 2026/02/08/16085831/survei-indikator-tingkat-kepuasan-publik-terhadap-kinerja-prabowo-capai-799.
kompas.id (2025, December 31) “Topik Media Sosial 2025: Tarung Narasi yang Menantang”. Accessed by https://www. kompas.id/artikel/media-sosial-tarung-narasi-yang-menantang.
monas.edu (2025, February 23) “Attempt to Influence Public Opinion in the ‘Indonesia Gelap’ Protest”. Accessed by https://www.monash.edu/indonesia/news/attempt-to-influence-public-opinion-in-the-indonesia-gelap-protest.
reuters (2025, February 20) “Students Lead ‘Dark Indonesia’ Protests Against Budget Cuts”. Accessed by https://www.voa news.com/a/students-lead-dark-indonesia-protests-against-budget-cuts/7981720.html.
reuters.com (2026, May 19) “Indonesian Authorities Using Online Disinformation Campaigns to Target Critics, Amnesty Says”. Accessed by https://www.reuters. com/business/media-telecom/indonesian-authorities-using-online-disinformation-campaign-target-critics-2026-05-19/?utm_ source=chatgpt.com.
sciencedirect.com (2017) “Post-Truth” in Chapter Postpolitics and Post-Truth. Accessed by https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/post-truth.
Seah, N. (2024, December 17) Democracy in the Digital Age: How Buzzer Culture is Stinging Indonesia’s Democracy. Accessed by https://www.csis.org/blogs/new-perspectives-asia/democracy-digital-age-how-buzzer-culture-stinging-indonesias-democracy.
Setkab.go.id (2024, October 20) “Pidato Perdana, Presiden Prabowo Subianto Ajak Bangsa Indonesia Hadapi Tantangan dengan Keberanian”. Accessed by https://setkab.go.id/pidato-perdana-presiden-prabowo-subianto-ajak-bangsa-indonesia-hadapi-tantangan-dengan-keberanian/
Temby, Q. (2024) The Prabowo Campaign’s ‘Cute Aggression’: Or How I Was Wrong About the Risk of AI in the 2024 Indonesian Elections. Accessed by https://www.indopacifica.com/p/the-prabowo-campaigns-cute-aggression.
thecolumnist.id (2026, June 01) “Prabowo dan Rapor Komunikasi Politik 2025”. Accessed by https://thecolumnist.id/artikel/prabowo-dan-rapor-komunikasi-politik-2025-3694.
thejakartapost.com (2025, May 24) “Prabowo’s Paradox: Building Healthy Democracy as Lasting Legacy”. Accessed by https://www.thejakartapost.com/opinion/2025/05/24/prabowos-paradox-building -healthy-democracy-as-lasting-legacy.htm ?utm.
ugm.ac.id (2025, September 19) “Sering Bikin Blunder, Pemerintah Diminta Perbaiki Komunikasi Publik”. Accessed by https://ugm.ac.id/id/berita/sering-bikin-blunder-pemerintah-diminta-perbaiki-komunikasi-publik/
Published
2026-10-17
How to Cite
Launa, L., Yanuar, F., Mudjiyanto, B., & Azizah, N. (2026). THE DISCOURSE BATTLE BETWEEN POPULISM AND ANTI-POPULISM IN INDONESIA’S DIGITAL POLITICAL LANDSCAPE IN THE POST-TRUTH ERA. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komunikasi Communique, 9(1), 129-147. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.62144/jikq.v9i1.780
Section
Articles